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Investigations of shot reproducibility for the SMP diode at 4.5 MV

Cordova, S.; Johnston, Mark D.; Leckbee, Joshua L.; Kiefer, Mark L.; Nielsen, D.S.; Renk, Timothy J.; Webb, Timothy J.; Ziska, Derek Z.

In experiments conducted on the RITS-6 accelerator, the SMP diode exhibits sig- ni cant shot-to-shot variability. Speci cally, for identical hardware operated at the same voltage, some shots exhibit a catastrophic drop in diode impedance. A study is underway to identify sources of shot-to-shot variations which correlate with diode impedance collapse. To remove knob emission as a source, only data from a shot series conducted with a 4.5-MV peak voltage are considered. The scope of this report is limited to sources of variability which occur away from the diode, such as power ow emission and trajectory changes, variations in pulsed power, dustbin and transmission line alignment, and di erent knob shapes. We nd no changes in the transmission line hardware, alignment, or hardware preparation methods which correlate with impedance collapse. However, in classifying good versus poor shots, we nd that there is not a continuous spectrum of diode impedance behavior but that the good and poor shots can be grouped into two distinct impedance pro les. This result forms the basis of a follow-on study focusing on the variability resulting from diode physics. 3

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Load line evaluation of a 1-MV linear transformer driver (LTD)

Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Power Modulators and High Voltage Conference, PMHVC

Leckbee, Joshua L.; Cordova, S.; Oliver, Bryan V.; Johnson, David L.; Toury, Martial; Rosol, Rodolphe; Bui, Bill

A seven cavity LTD system has been assembled and tested in a voltage adder configuration capable of producing approximately 1-MV into a 7-Ω, critically damped load. Individual cavities have been tested with a resistive load. The seven cavity adder has been tested with a large area electron beam diode. The output pulse when tested into a resistive load is that of an RLC circuit. When tested with a dynamic load impedance, the output voltages of the cavities have an added oscillation. The oscillation affects the output pulse shape but is not harmful to the cavity components. © 2008 IEEE.

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Characterization of the self magnetic pinch diode at high voltages for flash radiography

Oliver, Bryan V.; Cordova, S.

The Sandia Laboratories Advanced Radiographic Technologies Department, in collaboration with the United Kingdom Atomic Weapons Establishment, has been conducting research into the development of the Self-Magnetic-Pinched diode as an x-ray source suitable for flash radiographic experiments. We have demonstrated that this source is capable of meeting and exceeding the initial requirements of 250 rads (measured at one meter) with a 2.75 mm source spot-size. Recent experiments conducted on the RITS-6 accelerator have demonstrated the ability of this diode to meet intermediate requirements with a sub 3 mm source spot size and a dose in excess of 400 rads at one meter.

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Development and testing of immersed-Bz diodes with cryogenic anodes

Digest of Technical Papers-IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference

Rovang, Dean C.; Van De Valde, D.; Gregerson, D.; Puetz, E.; Bruner, N.; Cooper, G.; Cordova, S.; Droemer, D.; Hahn, K.; Johnston, Mark D.; Maenchen, John E.; McLean, J.; Molina, I.; Oliver, B.; O'Malley, J.; Portillo, Salvador; Welch, D.

Sandia National Laboratories is investigating and developing high-dose, high-brightness flash radiographic sources. The immersed-Bz diode employs large-bore, high-field solenoid magnets to help guide and confine an intense electron beam from a needle-like cathode "immersed" in the axial field of the magnet. The electron beam is focused onto a high-atomic-number target/anode to generate an intense source of bremsstrahlung X-rays. Historically, these diodes have been unable to achieve high dose (> 500 rad @ m) from a small spot (< 3 mm diameter). It is believed that this limitation is due in part to undesirable effects associated with the interaction of the electron beam with plasmas formed at either the anode or the cathode. Previous research concentrated on characterizing the behavior of diodes, which used untreated, room temperature (RT) anodes. Research is now focused on improving the diode performance by modifying the diode behavior by using cryogenic anodes that are coated in-situ with frozen gases. The objective of these cryogenically treated anodes is to control and limit the ion species of the anode plasma formed and hence the species of the counter-streaming ions that can interact with the electron beam. Recent progress in the development, testing and fielding of the cryogenically cooled immersed diodes at Sandia is described. ©2005 IEEE.

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Status of the 10 MV, 120 kA RITS-6 inductive voltage adder

Digest of Technical Papers-IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference

Johnson, D.; Bailey, V.; Altes, R.; Corcoran, P.; Smith, I.; Cordova, S.; Hahn, K.; Maenchen, John E.; Molina, I.; Portillo, Salvador; Puetz, E.; Sceiford, Matthew S.; Van De Valde, D.; Rose, D.; Oliver, B.; Welch, D.; Droemer, D.

The six-cell RITS-6 accelerator is an upgrade of the existing RITS-3 accelerator and is next in the sequence of Sandia IVA accelerators built to investigate/validate critical accelerator and radiographic diode issues for scaling to the Radiographic Integrated Test Stand (RITS) (nominally 16 MV, 156 kA, and 70 ns). In the RITS-6 upgrade to RITS-3 the number of cells/cavities, PFLs, laser triggered gas switches and intermediate stores is being doubled. A rebuilt single 61-nF Marx generator will charge the two intermediate storage capacitors. The RITS-3 experiments have demonstrated a MITL configuration matched to the PFL/induction cell impedance and a higher impedance MITL. RITS-6 is designed to utilize the higher impedance MITL providing a 10.5-MV, 123-kA output. The three years of pulsed power performance data from RITS-3 will be summarized and the design improvements being incorporated into RITS-6 will be outlined. The predicted output voltage and current for RITS-6 as a function of diode impedance will be shown. Particle-in-cell simulations of the vacuum power flow from the cell to the load for a range of diode impedances from matched to ∼40 Ohms will be shown and compared with the re-trapped parapotential flow predictions. The status of the component fabrication and system integration will be given. Another potential upgrade under consideration is RITS-62. In this case the RITS-6 Marx, intermediate stores, gas switches, and PFLs would be duplicated and a tee would replace the elbow that now connects a single PFL to a cell thereby allowing two PFLs to be connected to one cell. The output of RITS-62 matched to the cell/PFL impedance would then be 8 MV, 312 kA or 25.6 ohms. The predicted operating curves for RITS-62 with other non-matched MITLs will be shown. The power delivered to a radiographic diode can be maximized by the correct choice of MITL impedance given the cell/PFL and radiographic diode impedances. If the radiated output for a given diode has a stronger than linear voltage dependence this dependence can also be included in the correct choice of MITL impedance. The optimizations and trade-offs will be shown for RITS-6 and RITS-62 for diode impedances characteristic of radiographic diodes. © 2005 IEEE.

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Demonstration of the self-magnetic-pinch diode as an X-ray source for flash core-punch radiography

Portillo, Salvador; Oliver, Bryan V.; Cordova, S.; Rovang, Dean C.

Minimization of the radiographic spot size and maximization of the radiation dose is a continuing long-range goal for development of electron beam driven X-ray radiography sources. In collaboration with members of the Atomic Weapons Establishment(AWE), Aldermaston UK, the Advanced Radiographic Technologies Dept. 1645 is conducting research on the development of X-ray sources for flash core-punch radiography. The Hydrodynamics Dept. at AWE has defined a near term radiographic source requirement for scaled core-punch experiments to be 250 rads{at}m with a 2.75 mm source spot-size. As part of this collaborative effort, Dept. 1645 is investigating the potential of the Self-Magnetic-Pinched (SMP) diode as a source for core-punch radiography. Recent experiments conducted on the RITS-6 accelerator [1,2] demonstrated the potential of the SMP diode by meeting and exceeding the near term radiographic requirements established by AWE. During the demonstration experiments, RITS-6 was configured with a low-impedance (40 {Omega}) Magnetically Insulated Transmission Line (MITL), which provided a 75-ns, 180-kA, 7.5-MeV forward going electrical pulse to the diode. The use of a low-impedance MITL enabled greater power coupling to the SMP diode and thus allowed for increased radiation output. In addition to reconfiguring the driver (accelerator), geometric changes to the diode were also performed which allowed for an increase in dose production without sacrificing the time integrated spot characteristics. The combination of changes to both the pulsed power driver and the diode significantly increased the source x-ray intensity.

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Results 1–25 of 45
Results 1–25 of 45