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Kalaeloa Energy System Redevelopment Options Including Advanced Microgrids

Hightower, Marion M.; Baca, Michael J.; VanderMey, Carissa V.

In June 2016, the Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) in collaboration with the Renewable Energy Branch for the Hawaii State Energy Office (HSEO), the Hawaii Community Development Authority (HCDA), the United States Navy (Navy), and Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia) established a project to 1) assess the current functionality of the energy infrastructure at the Kalaeloa Community Development District, and 2) evaluate options to use both existing and new distributed and renewable energy generation and storage resources within advanced microgrid frameworks to cost-effectively enhance energy security and reliability for critical stakeholder needs during both short-term and extended electric power outages. This report discusses the results of a stakeholder workshop and associated site visits conducted by Sandia in October 2016 to identify major Kalaeloa stakeholder and tenant energy issues, concerns, and priorities. The report also documents information on the performance and cost benefits of a range of possible energy system improvement options including traditional electric grid upgrade approaches, advanced microgrid upgrades, and combined grid/microgrid improvements. The costs and benefits of the different improvement options are presented, comparing options to see how well they address the energy system reliability, sustainability, and resiliency priorities identified by the Kalaeloa stakeholders.

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TYPE SAND Report YEAR 2017
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Cost estimate for a proposed GDF Suez LNG testing program

Brady, Patrick D.; Jernigan, Dann A.; Lopez Mestre, Carlos L.; Luketa, Anay L.; Nissen, Mark R.; Hightower, Marion M.

At the request of GDF Suez, a Rough Order of Magnitude (ROM) cost estimate was prepared for the design, construction, testing, and data analysis for an experimental series of large-scale (Liquefied Natural Gas) LNG spills on land and water that would result in the largest pool fires and vapor dispersion events ever conducted. Due to the expected cost of this large, multi-year program, the authors utilized Sandia's structured cost estimating methodology. This methodology insures that the efforts identified can be performed for the cost proposed at a plus or minus 30 percent confidence. The scale of the LNG spill, fire, and vapor dispersion tests proposed by GDF could produce hazard distances and testing safety issues that need to be fully explored. Based on our evaluations, Sandia can utilize much of our existing fire testing infrastructure for the large fire tests and some small dispersion tests (with some modifications) in Albuquerque, but we propose to develop a new dispersion testing site at our remote test area in Nevada because of the large hazard distances. While this might impact some testing logistics, the safety aspects warrant this approach. In addition, we have included a proposal to study cryogenic liquid spills on water and subsequent vaporization in the presence of waves. Sandia is working with DOE on applications that provide infrastructure pertinent to wave production. We present an approach to conduct repeatable wave/spill interaction testing that could utilize such infrastructure.

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TYPE SAND Report YEAR 2014
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Evolution of Sandia's Risk Assessment Methodology for Water and Wastewater Utilities (RAM-W™)

World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010: Challenges of Change - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010

Jaeger, Calvin D.; Hightower, Marion M.; Torres, Teresa M.

The initial version of RAM-W was issued in November 2001. The Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act was issued in 2002 and in October 2002, version 2 of RAM-W was distributed to the water sector. In August 2007, RAM-W was revised to be compliant with specific RAMCAP® (Risk Analysis and Management for Critical Asset Protection) requirements. In addition, this version of RAM-W incorporated a number of other changes and improvements to the RAM process. All of these RAM-W versions were manual, paper-based methods which allowed an analyst to estimate security risk for their specific utility. In September 2008, an automated RAM prototype tool was developed which provided the basic RAM framework for critical infrastructures. In 2009, water sector stakeholders identified a need to automate RAM-W and this development effort was started in January 2009. This presentation will discuss the evolution of the RAM-W approach, capabilities and the new automated RAM-W tool (ARAM-W which will be available in mid-2010). © 2010 ASCE.

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TYPE Conference YEAR 2010
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Breach and safety analysis of spills over water from large liquefied natural gas carriers

Luketa, Anay L.; Hightower, Marion M.; Attaway, Stephen W.

In 2004, at the request of the Department of Energy, Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia) prepared a report, ''Guidance on the Risk and Safety Analysis of Large Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Spills Over Water''. That report provided framework for assessing hazards and identifying approaches to minimize the consequences to people and property from an LNG spill over water. The report also presented the general scale of possible hazards from a spill from 125,000 m3 o 150,000 m3 class LNG carriers, at the time the most common LNG carrier capacity.

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TYPE SAND Report YEAR 2008
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Review of the independent risk assessment of the proposed Cabrillo liquified natural gas deepwater port project

Hightower, Marion M.; Gritzo, Louis A.; Luketa, Anay L.

In March 2005, the United States Coast Guard requested that Sandia National Laboratories provide a technical review and evaluation of the appropriateness and completeness of models, assumptions, analyses, and risk management options presented in the Cabrillo Port LNG Deepwater Port Independent Risk Assessment-Revision 1 (Cabrillo Port IRA). The goal of Sandia's technical evaluation of the Cabrillo Port IRA was to assist the Coast Guard in ensuring that the hazards to the public and property from a potential LNG spill during transfer, storage, and regasification operations were appropriately evaluated and estimated. Sandia was asked to review and evaluate the Cabrillo Port IRA results relative to the risk and safety analysis framework developed in the recent Sandia report, ''Guidance on Risk Analysis and Safety Implications of a Large Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Spill over Water''. That report provides a framework for assessing hazards and identifying approaches to minimize the consequences to people and property from an LNG spill over water. This report summarizes the results of the Sandia review of the Cabrillo Port IRA and supporting analyses. Based on our initial review, additional threat and hazard analyses, consequence modeling, and process safety considerations were suggested. The additional analyses recommended were conducted by the Cabrillo Port IRA authors in cooperation with Sandia and a technical review panel composed of representatives from the Coast Guard and the California State Lands Commission. The results from the additional analyses improved the understanding and confidence in the potential hazards and consequences to people and property from the proposed Cabrillo Port LNG Deepwater Port Project. The results of the Sandia review, the additional analyses and evaluations conducted, and the resolutions of suggested changes for inclusion in a final Cabrillo Port IRA are summarized in this report.

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TYPE SAND Report YEAR 2006
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Guidance on risk analysis and safety implications of a large liquefied natural gas (LNG) spill over water

Hightower, Marion M.; Morrow, Charles W.; Covan, John M.; Gritzo, Louis A.; Luketa, Anay L.; Tieszen, Sheldon R.; Wellman, Gerald W.; Kaneshige, Michael J.; Melof, Brian M.

While recognized standards exist for the systematic safety analysis of potential spills or releases from LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) storage terminals and facilities on land, no equivalent set of standards or guidance exists for the evaluation of the safety or consequences from LNG spills over water. Heightened security awareness and energy surety issues have increased industry's and the public's attention to these activities. The report reviews several existing studies of LNG spills with respect to their assumptions, inputs, models, and experimental data. Based on this review and further analysis, the report provides guidance on the appropriateness of models, assumptions, and risk management to address public safety and property relative to a potential LNG spill over water.

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TYPE SAND Report YEAR 2004
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45 Results