Publications

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The use of a lower-melting-point molten metal to join metallic components is perhaps the earliest example of processing which employs metallurgical bonding principles, having roots as far back as 4200 BC (Peaslee 2003). More than 6000 years later, brazing occupies a prominent position in our suite of joining processes where it offers cost and/or performance advantages in the fabrication of many structures. More precisely, brazing can be described as the use of a molten filler metal to wet the closely fitting faying surfaces of a joint, leading to formation of metallurgical bonds between the filler metal and substrates. Historically, brazing processes employ filler metals whose solidus temperature exceeds 723 K, as opposed to soldering processes which use lower-melting-point temperature filler materials. In the past several decades, technological advances have facilitated a broadening of applications for brazing while simultaneously contradicting some of the traditional perceptions of the process. However, many of those tenets remain appropriate for the majority of brazing processes and products. Accordingly, this article provides a brief description of traditional brazing and some important factors to be considered when designing and producing brazed structures. An additional section describes the technical advances in the field.

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The purpose of the report is to summarize discussions from a Ceramic/Metal Brazing: From Fundamentals to Applications Workshop that was held at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, NM on April 4, 2001. Brazing experts and users who bridge common areas of research, design, and manufacturing participated in the exercise. External perspectives on the general state of the science and technology for ceramics and metal brazing were given. Other discussions highlighted and critiqued Sandia's brazing research and engineering programs, including the latest advances in braze modeling and materials characterization. The workshop concluded with a facilitated dialogue that identified critical brazing research needs and opportunities.