Publications

Abstract not provided.

Abstract not provided.

The complexity of physical protection systems has increased to address modern threats to national security and emerging commercial technologies. A key element of modern physical protection systems is the data presented to the human operator used for rapid determination of the cause of an alarm, whether false (e.g., caused by an animal, debris, etc.) or real (e.g., a human adversary). Alarm assessment, the human validation of a sensor alarm, primarily relies on imaging technologies and video systems. Developing measures of effectiveness (MOE) that drive the design or evaluation of a video system or technology becomes a challenge, given the subjectivity of the application (e.g., alarm assessment). Sandia National Laboratories has conducted empirical analysis using field test data and mathematical models such as binomial distribution and Johnson target transfer functions to develop MOEs for video system technologies. Depending on the technology, the task of the security operator and the distance to the target, the Probability of Assessment (PAs) can be determined as a function of a variety of conditions or assumptions. PAs used as an MOE allows the systems engineer to conduct trade studies, make informed design decisions, or evaluate new higher-risk technologies. This paper outlines general video system design trade-offs, discusses ways video can be used to increase system performance and lists MOEs for video systems used in subjective applications such as alarm assessment.

Abstract not provided.

There is a need to provide response force personnel with advanced warning of intruder activity in rough terrain outside the traditional facility perimeter. Often the land surrounding a high consequence facility is remote and difficult to sensor with conventional long-range detection systems. In order to combat this difficult problem, Sandia has investigated, developed, and fielded a wireless sensor network that demonstrated the value of providing advanced information of adversary activities. The project used wireless technologies to detect and assess intruders in remote "un-engineered" terrain around a fixed facility. In the time since the wireless intrusion detection system was fielded, minimal time has been spent on maintenance and no batteries required replacement. Sandia's wireless sensor network provides advanced warning of intruder activities and its installation will improve the security posture of a facility. © 2007 IEEE.

Abstract not provided.

Abstract not provided.

Abstract not provided.

Abstract not provided.