Publications

Self-biased magnetoelectric switching at room temperature in three-phase ferroelectric–antiferromagnetic–ferrimagnetic nanocomposites

Wu, Rui; Zhang, Di; Maity, Tuhin; Lu, Ping L.; Yang, Jie; Gao, Xingyao; Zhao, Shishun; Wei, Xiucheng; Zeng, Hao; Kursumovic, Ahmed; Tian, Guang; Li, Weiwei; Yun, Chao; Wang, Yongqiang; Ren, Zengyao; Zhou, Ziyao; Lu, Ping L.; Zhang, Kelvin H.L.; Jia, Quanxi; Yang, Jinbo; Wang, Haiyan; MacManus-Driscoll, Judith L.

Magnetoelectric systems could be used to develop magnetoelectric random access memory and microsensor devices. One promising system is the two-phase 3-1-type multiferroic nanocomposite in which a one-dimensional magnetic column is embedded in a three-dimensional ferroelectric matrix. However, it suffers from a number of limitations including unwanted leakage currents and the need for biasing with a magnetic field. Here we show that the addition of an antiferromagnet to a 3-1-type multiferroic nanocomposite can lead to a large, self-biased magnetoelectric effect at room temperature. Our three-phase system is composed of a ferroelectric Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 matrix in which ferrimagnetic NiFe2O4 nanocolumns coated with antiferromagnetic p-type NiO are embedded. This system, which is self-assembled, exhibits a magnetoelectric coefficient of up to 1.38 × 10–9 s m–1, which is large enough to switch the magnetic anisotropy from the easy axis (Keff = 0.91 × 104 J m–3) to the easy plane (Keff = –1.65 × 104 J m–3).