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Extreme Nonlinearities in All Dielectric Polaritonic Metasurfaces

Sarma, Raktim S.; Xu, J.; De Ceglia, D.; Carletti, L.; Klem, John F.; Sinclair, Michael B.; Belkin, M.A.; Brener, Igal B.

We demonstrate an extremely nonlinear all-dielectric metasurface that employs intersubband polaritons to achieve a second-harmonic conversion coefficient of 5 x 10-4 W-1 and second-harmonic power conversion efficiency of 0.015% at nominal pump intensities of 11 kW/cm2. Furthermore, through heterostructure design, we achieve microscopic control of the nonlinearity and demonstrate suppression or enhancement of second-harmonic generation by controlling the polarity of the resonant χ(2).