Publications

Brine Availability Test in Salt (BATS) FY21 Update

Kuhlman, Kristopher L.; Mills, Melissa M.; Jayne, Richard S.; Matteo, Edward N.; Herrick, Courtney G.; Nemer, Martin N.; Xiong, Yongliang X.; Choens, Robert C.; Paul, Matthew J.; Stauffer, Phil S.; Boukhalfa, Hakim B.; Guiltinan, Eric J.; Rahn, Thom R.; Weaver, Doug W.; Otto, Shawn O.; Davis, Jon D.; Rutqvist, Jonny R.; Wu, Yuxin W.; Hu, Mengsu H.; Wang, Jiannan W.

This report summarizes the 2021 fiscal year (FY21) status of ongoing borehole heater tests in salt funded by the disposal research and development (R&D) program of the Office of Spent Fuel & Waste Science and Technology (SFWST) of the US Department of Energy’s Office of Nuclear Energy’s (DOE-NE) Office of Spent Fuel and Waste Disposition (SFWD). This report satisfies SFWST milestone M2SF- 21SN010303052 by summarizing test activities and data collected during FY21. The Brine Availability Test in Salt (BATS) is fielded in a pair of similar arrays of horizontal boreholes in an experimental area at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). One array is heated, the other unheated. Each array consists of 14 boreholes, including a central borehole with gas circulation to measure water production, a cement seal exposure test, thermocouples to measure temperature, electrodes to infer resistivity, a packer-isolated borehole to add tracers, fiber optics to measure temperature and strain, and piezoelectric transducers to measure acoustic emissions. The key new data collected during FY21 include a series of gas tracer tests (BATS phase 1b), a pair of liquid tracer tests (BATS phase 1c), and data collected under ambient conditions (including a period with limited access due to the ongoing pandemic) since BATS phase 1a in 2020. A comparison of heated and unheated gas tracer test results clearly shows a decrease in permeability of the salt upon heating (i.e., thermal expansion closes fractures, which reduces permeability).