Erik Spoerke

Materials Scientist, Battery Materials Lead

Author profile picture

Materials Scientist, Battery Materials Lead

edspoer@sandia.gov

(505) 284-1932

Biography

Erik D. Spoerke, Ph.D. is the Energy Storage Materials Thrust Lead in Sandia National Laboratories’ Grid Energy Storage Program, a Principal R&D Materials Scientist in the Electronic, Optical, and Nano Materials Department at Sandia, and a Research Associate Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering at the University of New Mexico. Erik’s widely published and patented research efforts span a diverse materials portfolio, with an emphasis on combining elements of chemistry, materials science and biology to explore and develop functional materials ranging from novel electrochemical materials to synthetic biological analogs and functional supramolecular thin films. He has a passion for energy-related related research, including a wide range of battery-based and other energy storage technologies, particularly for grid-scale and long-duration applications. He currently serves on the DOE Energy Storage Grand Challenge National Laboratory Leadership Team, working to support the advance of reliable and sustainable domestic energy storage, and he is active in several other NM-based and national efforts to drive sustainable, clean energy initiatives.

Research Interests

  • Energy Storage Materials Science – particularly related to batteries (e.g., Na-batteries) and Long-Duration Energy Storage
  • Ionic Materials
  • Bio-inspired Materials – particularly supramolecular and peptide-based materials
  • Renewable Energy
  • Materials for Sustainability, Decarbonization, and Energy Efficiency
  • Multidisciplinary/Hybrid/Composite Materials

Education

  • Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University (Evanston, Illinois), 2003
  • B.S. in Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University (Evanston, Illinois), 1998

Google Scholar

Erik Spoerke, Ph.D.

Publications

ryan hill, Jacob Hempel, Yang-Tse Cheng, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Martha Gross, Amanda Peretti, (2022). Mechanical, Microstructural, and Electrochemical Characterization of NaSICON Sodium Ion Conductors [Poster] https://doi.org/10.2172/1891742 Publication ID: 76191

S. Steinmetz, Andrew DeLaRiva, Christopher Riley, Paul Schrader, Abhaya Datye, Erik Spoerke, Christopher Kliewer, (2022). Gas-Phase Hydrogen-Atom Measurement above Catalytic and Noncatalytic Materials during Ethane Dehydrogenation Journal of Physical Chemistry C https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c09955 Publication ID: 80517

Ryan Hill, Amanda Peretti, Leo Small, Erik Spoerke, Yang Cheng, (2022). Characterizing mechanical and microstructural properties of novel montmorillonite-rich polyethylene composites Journal of Materials Science https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06562-1 Publication ID: 76130

Erik Spoerke, Martha Gross, Melissa Meyerson, Leo Small, Stephen Percival, (2021). Low Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries for Long-Duration Energy Storage https://doi.org/10.2172/1905212 Publication ID: 77029

Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Rose Lee, Amanda Peretti, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, (2021). Lower Temperature, Lower Cost Molten Sodium Batteries https://doi.org/10.2172/1905214 Publication ID: 77030

ryan hill, Jacob Hempel, Yang-Tse Cheng, Amanda Peretti, Martha Gross, Leo Small, Erik Spoerke, (2021). Structural and Mechanical Characterization of NaSICON Solid Electrolytes Upon Cycling in Molten Sodium https://doi.org/10.2172/1899668 Publication ID: 76839

Adam Maraschky, Rose Lee, Stephen Percival, Martha Gross, Amanda Peretti, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, (2021). Experimental and Modeling Studies of Metal Halide Catholyte and Cathode Materials to Enable Low-temperature Molten Sodium Batteries https://doi.org/10.2172/1899262 Publication ID: 76708

Leo Small, Rose Lee, Stephen Percival, Martha Gross, Amanda Peretti, Melissa Meyerson, Erik Spoerke, (2021). Understanding Electrochemical Processes in Molten Salt Catholytes for Low Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries https://doi.org/10.2172/1900348 Publication ID: 76973

Erik Spoerke, (2021). Sodium-Based Batteries and Long-Duration Energy Storage https://doi.org/10.2172/1894433 Publication ID: 76427

Leo Small, Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Amanda Peretti, Rose Lee, Adam Maraschky, Melissa Meyerson, ryan hill, Y.T. Cheng, Erik Spoerke, (2021). Low Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries https://doi.org/10.2172/1891601 Publication ID: 76176

ryan hill, Jacob Hempel, Yang-Tse Cheng, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, (2021). Mechanical, Microstructural, and Electrochemical Characterization of NaSICON Sodium Ion Conductors https://doi.org/10.2172/1891741 Publication ID: 76192

Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Rose, Lee, Amanda Peretti, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, (2021). Low-Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries https://doi.org/10.2172/1891984 Publication ID: 76231

Erik Spoerke, Martha Gross, Amanda Peretti, Stephen Percival, Rose Lee, Joshua Lamb, M. Rodriguez, Leo Small, (2021). Developing ?Really Cool? Low Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries https://doi.org/10.2172/1892161 Publication ID: 76253

Erik Spoerke, Martha Gross, Amanda Peretti, Stephen Percival, Rose Lee, Joshua Lamb, Leo Small, (2021). Materials Chemistry in Battery Energy Storage: A Key to Unlocking Our ?Potential? Energy Future https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1888383 Publication ID: 75814

Erik Spoerke, (2021). Advancing the Promise of Low-Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries https://doi.org/10.2172/1887345 Publication ID: 75635

Erik Spoerke, (2021). Long-Duration Energy Storage: Emerging Technologies and Applications https://doi.org/10.2172/1889351 Publication ID: 75901

Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Amanda Peretti, M. Rodriguez, Joshua Lamb, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Rose Lee, (2021). Development of a High-Voltage, Low Temperature Molten Sodium Battery https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1887726 Publication ID: 75712

Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Rose Lee, Amanda Peretti, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, (2021). A high-voltage, low-temperature molten sodium battery enabled by metal halide catholyte chemistry Cell Reports Physical Science https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2021.100489 Publication ID: 78965

Stephen Percival, Sara Russo, Chad Priest, Ryan Hill, James Ohlhausen, Leo Small, Susan Rempe, Erik Spoerke, (2021). Bio-inspired incorporation of phenylalanine enhances ionic selectivity in layer-by-layer deposited polyelectrolyte films Soft Matter https://doi.org/10.1039/D1SM00134E Publication ID: 79392

Erik Spoerke, Christopher San Marchi, Chris LaFleur, (2021). Hydrogen?s Contributions to a Clean Long-Duration Energy Future https://doi.org/10.2172/1875031 Publication ID: 79055

Erik Spoerke, Martha Gross, Amanda Peretti, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, M. Rodriguez, (2021). Hybrid Solid State ?Chaperone? Phases to Improve Solid State Sodium Electrolytes https://doi.org/10.2172/1870279 Publication ID: 78601

Timothy Lambert, Noah Schorr, David Arnot, Matthew Lim, Nelson Bell, Andrea Bruck, Jonathon Duay, Maria. Kelly, Rachel Habing, Logan Ricketts, Julian Vigil, Joshua Gallaway, Igor Kolesnichenko, Stephen Budy, Elijah Ruiz, Gautam Yadav, Meir Weiner, Aditya Upreti, Jinchao Huang, Michael Nyce, Damon Turney, Sanjoy Banerjee, Birendra Magar, Nirajan Paudel, Igor Vasiliev, Erik Spoerke, Babu Chalamala, (2021). Advances in Alkaline Conversion Batteries for Grid Storage Applications https://doi.org/10.2172/1865569 Publication ID: 78231

Leo Small, Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Rose Lee, Amanda Peretti, Erik Spoerke, (2021). Materials Development for High-Performance Interfaces in Low-Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries https://doi.org/10.2172/1862764 Publication ID: 77979

Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Rose Lee, Amanda Peretti, M. Rodriguez, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, (2021). High-Performance Low-Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries Enabled by Improved Charge Transfer Across Interfaces https://doi.org/10.2172/1863516 Publication ID: 78072

AHM Hyder, Brian Morales, Malynda Cappelle, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Erik Spoerke, Susan Rempe, W. Walker, (2021). Evaluation of electrodialysis desalination performance of novel bioinspired and conventional ion exchange membranes with sodium chloride feed solutions Membranes https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11030217 Publication ID: 77846

Stephen Percival, Rose Lee, Martha Gross, Amanda Peretti, Leo Small, Erik Spoerke, (2021). Electrochemistry of the NaI-AlBr3Molten Salt System: A Redox-Active, Low-Temperature Molten Salt Electrolyte Journal of the Electrochemical Society https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/abebae Publication ID: 77641

Stephen Percival, Rose Lee, Martha Gross, Amanda Peretti, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, (2021). Electrochemistry of the NaI-AlBr3 Low Temperature Molten Salt System:Implications for Applied Battery Performance https://doi.org/10.2172/1861977 Publication ID: 77904

Stephen Percival, Rose Lee, Martha Gross, Amanda Peretti, Leo Small, Erik Spoerke, (2021). Electrochemistry of the NaI-AlBr3 Low Temperature Molten Salt System: Implications for Applied Battery Performance https://doi.org/10.2172/1861966 Publication ID: 77905

Erik Spoerke, Amanda Peretti, Eric Coker, M. Rodriguez, Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, (2020). Solid State Materials to Enable Molten Sodium Batteries https://doi.org/10.2172/1831360 Publication ID: 71751

Erik Spoerke, Amanda Peretti, Eric Coker, M. Rodriguez, Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, (2020). Solid State Materials to Enable Molten Sodium Batteries https://doi.org/10.2172/1829554 Publication ID: 71549

ryan hill, Yang-Tse Cheng, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, (2020). Mechanical characterization of montmorillonite sodium ion conductors https://doi.org/10.2172/1831593 Publication ID: 71580

Timothy Lambert, Erik Spoerke, Cy Fujimoto, Travis Anderson, Amalie Frischknecht, Leo Small, Babu Chalamala, (2020). GRID ENERGY STORAGE R&D AT SANDIA https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1832676 Publication ID: 71865

Leo Small, Stephen Percival, Rose Lee, Martha Gross, Amanda Peretti, Erik Spoerke, (2020). Molten Salt Catholytes for Low-Temperature Molten Sodium Ba:eries https://doi.org/10.2172/1830073 Publication ID: 71641

Margaret Gordon, Erik Spoerke, Kenneth Armijo, Neil Sorensen, (2020). Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites for PV barrier materials https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1832723 Publication ID: 71900

ryan hill, Yang-Tse Cheng, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, (2020). Mechanical characterization of montmorillonite sodium ion conductors https://doi.org/10.2172/1830077 Publication ID: 71646

Martha Gross, Amanda Peretti, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, M. Rodriguez, Erik Spoerke, (2020). Engineering Ceramic Electrolyte Interfaces for Low-Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries https://doi.org/10.2172/1829259 Publication ID: 71532

Martha Gross, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, Stephen Percival, M. Rodriguez, Erik Spoerke, (2020). Tin-based ionic chaperone phases to improve low temperature molten sodium-NaSICON interfaces Journal of Materials Chemistry A https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ta03571h Publication ID: 74006

Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Amanda Peretti, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, (2020). Development of High Performance Low Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1820269 Publication ID: 74781

Erik Schindelholz, Erik Spoerke, Jaime Grunlan, Michael Melia, Stephen Percival, Shuang Qin, Erin Barrick, Chris Alexander, Derek Nelson, (2020). Ultrathin corrosion barrier films enabled by layer-by-layer polymer clay nanocomposites https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1822303 Publication ID: 70942

Erik Spoerke, Amanda Peretti, Eric Coker, M. Rodriguez, Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, ryan hill, Yang-Tse Cheng, (2020). Solid State Ion Conductors to Enable Low Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1822304 Publication ID: 70944

Erik Spoerke, Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Rose Lee, Leo Small, (2020). Implementing Low Temperature Strategies to Advance ?Really Cool? Molten Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1822305 Publication ID: 70945

Leo Small, Martha Gross, Rose Lee, Stephen Percival, Amanda Peretti, ryan hill, Y.-T. Chen, Erik Spoerke, (2020). Low Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1820561 Publication ID: 74836

Martha Gross, Amanda Peretti, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, M. Rodriguez, Erik Spoerke, (2020). Advancing Low Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries by Interfacial Engineering of Ceramic Electrolytes https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1820900 Publication ID: 74845

ryan hill, Yang-Tse Cheng, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, (2020). Mechanical and Microstructural characterization of Montmorillonite (MMT) Sodium Ion Conductors https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1821073 Publication ID: 74851

Stephen Percival, Rose Lee, Martha Gross, Amanda Peretti, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, (2020). Electrochemistry of the NaI-AlBr3 Low Temperature Molten Salt System:Implications for Sodium Battery Performance https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1821079 Publication ID: 74858

Erik Spoerke, (2020). Advancing Sodium Batteries through the DOE Office of Electricity https://doi.org/10.2172/1823228 Publication ID: 71020

ryan hill, Yang-Tse Cheng, Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, (2020). Multi-scale Characterization of the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Sodium Ion Conductors https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1821098 Publication ID: 74880

Erik Spoerke, (2020). Advancing Sodium Batteries through the DOE Office of Electricity https://doi.org/10.2172/1823389 Publication ID: 71042

Erik Spoerke, Amanda Peretti, Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, ryan hill, Yang-Tse Chang, Leo Small, (2020). Solid State Separator Development for Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1821830 Publication ID: 74950

Erik Spoerke, Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, (2020). Molten Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1763564 Publication ID: 73578

Erik Spoerke, Amanda Peretti, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Martha Gross, Eric Schindelholz, Michael Melia, Susan Rempe, Derek Nelson, Sara Russo, ryan hill, Yang-Tse Cheng, (2020). Controlling Ion Transport in Multilayered Polymer Composites https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1768365 Publication ID: 72813

Martha Gross, Amanda Peretti, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, M. Rodriguez, Erik Spoerke, (2020). Interfacial Engineering of Ceramic Separators in Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1761599 Publication ID: 70785

Erik Spoerke, Amanda Peretti, Eric Coker, M. Rodriguez, Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, (2020). Synthetic Designs For Improved NaSICON-Based Sodium Ion Conductors https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1762817 Publication ID: 70835

Stephen Percival, Martha Gross, Leo Small, Erik Spoerke, (2019). Advances in Low Temperature Molten Sodium Halide Catholytes for Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1643302 Publication ID: 66357

Erik Spoerke, (2019). Toward Lower Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries for Grid Scale Applications https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1643108 Publication ID: 66130

Erik Spoerke, Amanda Peretti, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Martha Gross, Eric Schindelholz, Michael Melia, Susan Rempe, Derek Nelson, Sara Russo, (2019). The Ion Seeps Tonight: Assessing Ionic Transport in Multilayered Nanocomposites https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1643247 Publication ID: 66212

Erik Spoerke, Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, Joshua Lamb, Babu Chalamala, (2019). Tailoring Materials Chemistry to Advance Low Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1642901 Publication ID: 65636

Erik Spoerke, Eric Schindelholz, Kenneth Armijo, Margaret Gordon, Stephen Percival, Derek Nelson, Hai-Duy Nguyen, N. Sorensen, Kevin Holder, Shuang Qin, Jaime Grunlan, (2019). 2D-Dirt: A Low Tech Material with High Tech Potential https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1642186 Publication ID: 65050

Amanda Peretti, Eric Coker, M. Rodriguez, Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Erik Spoerke, (2019). Solid State Separator Development for Sodium-Based Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1643658 Publication ID: 65155

Amanda Peretti, Eric Coker, M. Rodriguez, Martha Gross, Erik Spoerke, (2019). Ceramic Sodium Ion-Conducting Separator Processing https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1642015 Publication ID: 64921

Erik Spoerke, (2019). Materials Chemistry to Advance Na-Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1645950 Publication ID: 64933

Sara Russo, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Chad Priest, Susan Rempe, James Ohlhausen, Amanda Peretti, Erik Spoerke, (2019). Bio-Inspired Selective Ion Transport Membranes https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1642048 Publication ID: 64979

Erik Spoerke, Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, Joshua Lamb, Babu Chalamala, (2019). Really Cool Molten Sodium Batteries: Material Innovations to Enable Low Temperature Operation https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1642049 Publication ID: 64980

Erik Spoerke, (2019). Engaging Academia: Creating Productive Networks https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1668906 Publication ID: 65253

Erik Spoerke, (2019). Low Temperature Molten Sodium Halide Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1668923 Publication ID: 65275

Erik Spoerke, Martha Gross, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, josh lamb, Babu Chalamala, (2019). Materials Chemistry to Advance Na-Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1641790 Publication ID: 64617

Haneen Martinez, Virginia VanDelinder, Zachary Imam, Erik Spoerke, George Bachand, (2019). How non-bonding domains affect the active assembly of microtubule spools Nanoscale https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NR02059D Publication ID: 68976

Erik Spoerke, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, Joshua Lamb, Babu Chalamala, (2019). Materials Advances to Enable Low Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries for Grid-Scale Energy Storage https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1645408 Publication ID: 69113

Erik Spoerke, James Percival, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, Joshua Lamb, Babu Chalamala, (2019). Low Temperature Molten Sodium-Based Batteries for Large Scale Electrical Energy Storage https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1640195 Publication ID: 68817

Margaret Gordon, Patrick Burton, Bruce King, Erik Spoerke, Laura Schelhas, Stephanie Moffitt, (2019). Functional Nanostructured and Nano-Patterned Coatings for Photovoltaics in the DuraMAT Consortium https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1640058 Publication ID: 68597

Stephen Percival, Sara Russo, Ryan Hill, Amanda Peretti, Leo Small, Susan Rempe, Erik Spoerke, (2019). Polyelectrolyte Modification of Nanoporous Membranes for Selective Ion Transport in Electrodialysis https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1639715 Publication ID: 68135

Erik Spoerke, Sara Russo, Brad Jones, Alina Martinez, dominic mcgrath, Jonathan Bollinger, Mark Stevens, George Bachand, (2019). Biomimetic Dynamic Supramolecular Assembly of Peptide Nanostructures https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1639851 Publication ID: 68221

Erik Spoerke, Amanda Peretti, Stephen Percival, Jonathan Bock, Harlan Brown-Shaklee, Leo Small, Babu Chalamala, (2019). Adapting Processing and Structure Toward Improved NaSICON-Based Sodium Ion Conductors https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1639852 Publication ID: 68222

Erik Spoerke, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, Joshua Lamb, (2019). Molten Sodium Batteries: Promise for Advancing Grid-Scale Battery Utility https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1639393 Publication ID: 67458

Erik Spoerke, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, Joshua Lamb, Babu Chalamala, (2019). Advancing ?Low? Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1582247 Publication ID: 64174

Erik Spoerke, Amanda Peretti, Jonathan Bock, Harlan Brown-Shaklee, Leo Small, Babu Chalamala, (2019). Rethinking Solid State Sodium Ion Conductors for Low Temperature Molten Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1595911 Publication ID: 64470

Erik Spoerke, Brad Jones, Alina Martinez, Jill Wheeler, Christina Ting, Ian Henderson, Bonnie McKenzie, Jeffrey Vervacke, Mark Stevens, (2018). Self-Assembly of Hierarchical Cellular Materials from Amphiphilic Triblock Peptides https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1576886 Publication ID: 60342

Erik Spoerke, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, josh lamb, (2018). Tailoring Molten Sodium-Halide Battery Chemistry for Safe Low Temperature Rechargeable Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1761122 Publication ID: 60381

David Scrymgeour, Joshua Shank, Bryan Kaehr, Michael Henry, Erik Spoerke, Sean Smith, Jonathan Andreasen, Roger Brown, Wesley Roberston, (2018). Random Laser Physical Unclonable Function https://doi.org/10.2172/1488648 Publication ID: 59159

Erik Spoerke, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Amanda Peretti, Joshua Lamb, Sara Dickens, Eric Allcorn, Babu Chalamala, (2018). Materials Advances for Molten Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1567825 Publication ID: 59162

Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Eric Allcorn, Babu Chalamala, Erik Spoerke, (2018). Molten Salt Catholyte Development for Low Temperature Na-Halide Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1569131 Publication ID: 59112

Erik Spoerke, Amanda Peretti, Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Babu Chalamala, (2018). Sodium Ion-Conducting Separator Development https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1806864 Publication ID: 59119

Eric Schindelholz, Erik Spoerke, Hai-Duy Nguyen, Jaime Grunlan, Shuang Qin, Daniel Bufford, (2018). Extraordinary Corrosion Protection from Polymer-Clay Nanobrick Wall Thin Films ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b05865 Publication ID: 62680

Janna Domenico, Michael Foster, Erik Spoerke, Mark Allendorf, Karl Sohlberg, (2018). Effect of Solvent and Substrate on the Surface Binding Mode of Carboxylate-Functionalized Aromatic Molecules Journal of Physical Chemistry C https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b01526 Publication ID: 60695

Leo Small, Stephen Percival, Joshua Lamb, Eric Allcorn, Erik Spoerke, (2018). Intermediate Temperature Sodium Batteries Enabled by an Inorganic Molten Catholyte https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1524265 Publication ID: 61993

Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Eric Allcorn, Erik Spoerke, (2018). Electrochemical Assessment of Molten NaI-AlCl3 Catholytes for Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1511988 Publication ID: 61924

Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Susan Rempe, Erik Spoerke, (2018). Polyelectrolyte Modification of Nanoporous Membranes for Selective Ion Transport in Electrodialysis https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1525588 Publication ID: 61939

Leo Small, Stephen Percival, Erik Spoerke, (2018). Polyelectrolytes for Selective Ion Transport in Nanoporous Electrodialysis Membranes https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1505284 Publication ID: 61387

Leo Small, Stephen Percival, Erik Spoerke, (2018). Improving Solid State Sodium Ion Conductors for Next Generation Energy Storage https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1505285 Publication ID: 61388

Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Jill Wheeler, Harlan Brown-Shaklee, Jon Ihlefeld, Mia Blea-Kirby, (2018). Ionic Filtration of Spent Nuclear Fuel Products with Ceramic Ion Conducting Membranes https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1525644 Publication ID: 61407

Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Jon Ihlefeld, Nelson Bell, Bonnie McKenzie, Cynthia Edney, Ping Lu, (2018). Relating NaSICON Chemistry and Microstructure to Ion Conducting Ceramic Separator Performance https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1525643 Publication ID: 61408

Eric Allcorn, Ganesan Nagasubramanian, Harry Pratt, Erik Spoerke, David Ingersoll, (2018). Elimination of active species crossover in a room temperature, neutral pH, aqueous flow battery using a ceramic NaSICON membrane Journal of Power Sources https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.12.041 Publication ID: 54771

Leo Small, Jill Wheeler, Jon Ihlefeld, Paul Clem, Erik Spoerke, (2018). Enhanced alkaline stability in a hafnium-substituted NaSICON ion conductor Journal of Materials Chemistry A https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TA09924J Publication ID: 60325

Stephen Percival, Leo Small, Erik Spoerke, Susan Rempe, (2018). Polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer deposition on nanoporous supports for ion selective membranes RSC Advances https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA05580G Publication ID: 59580

Erik Spoerke, Kenneth Armijo, Eric Schindelholz, Margaret Gordon, Hai-Duy Nguyen, Neil Sorensen, Kevin Holder, Shuang Qin, Jaime Grunlan, (2017). Adding Some “Dirt” to “Clean” Energy: Applying Clay Nanocomposites in Solar Cells https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1482311 Publication ID: 54146

Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Stephen Percival, Joshua Lamb, Paul Clem, Sai Bhavaraju, Alexis Eccleston, (2017). A Materials Chemistry Approach to Safe Effective Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1484571 Publication ID: 54412

Erik Spoerke, Brad Jones, Alina Martinez, dominic mcgrath, Jonathan Bollinger, Mark Stevens, George Bachand, (2017). Bio-Inspired Dynamic Supramolecular Assembly Controlled through Molecular Conformation https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1484943 Publication ID: 54491

Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Stephen Percival, Joshua Lamb, Paul Clem, David Ingersoll, Sai Bhavaraju, Alexis Eccleston, (2017). Materials Chemistry to Advance Na-Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1477936 Publication ID: 53514

Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Stephen Percival, Joshua Lamb, Paul Clem, David Ingersoll, Sai Bhavaraju, Alexis Eccleston, (2017). Sodium-Based Batteries: Toward Meeting Next Generation Challenges in Grid-Scale Energy Storage https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1477935 Publication ID: 53515

Hai-Duy Nguyen, Erik Spoerke, Nicholas Kemp, Eric Schindelholz, (2017). Ultrathin Polymer-Clay Nanocomposite Films as Conformal Corrosion Barriers https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1478160 Publication ID: 53567

Hai-Duy Nguyen, Erik Spoerke, Nicholas Kemp, Eric Schindelholz, (2017). Ultrathin Polymer-Clay Nanocomposite Films as Conformal Corrosion Barriers https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1509656 Publication ID: 53332

Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Joshua Lamb, Paul Clem, David Ingersoll, Sai Bhavaraju, Alexis Eccleston, Stephen Percival, (2017). Advancing Sodium-Based Batteries for Grid-Scale Energy Storage https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1509660 Publication ID: 53353

Leo Small, Stephen Percival, Eric Allcorn, Erik Spoerke, (2017). Molten NaI-AlCl3 Catholytes for Use in a Sodium Battery https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1508940 Publication ID: 53275

Darryl Sasaki, George Bachand, Erik Spoerke, Mark Stevens, Virginia VanDelinder, Haneen Martinez, Marlene Bachand, Adrienne Greene, Namita Nabar, Walter Paxton, (2017). Active Assembly of Dynamic and Adaptable Materials https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1508722 Publication ID: 58026

Erik Spoerke, George Bachand, Darryl Sasaki, Mark Stevens, Jonathan Bollinger, Brad Jones, Jill Wheeler, Jeffrey Vervacke, Alina Martinez, dominic mcgrath, (2017). Active Assembly of Dynamic and Adaptable Materials: Artificial Microtubules https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1469053 Publication ID: 58292

Joshua Nordlander, Pin Yang, Erik Spoerke, Michael Winter, Daniel Stefan, Dara Gough, (2017). The Effect of Calcination and Milling on ZnO Varistor Powder Characteristics https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1507968 Publication ID: 57535

Michael Hahn, Pin Yang, Erik Spoerke, Daniella McCade, Joshua Nordlander, (2017). Mn Speciation and High Doping of ZnO Varistor Powder Experiments https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1508466 Publication ID: 57573

Erik Spoerke, Brad Jones, Alina Martinez, Leo Small, David Wheeler, Jill Wheeler, George Bachand, (2017). Molecular Biomimicry: Imitating Nature in Responsive Supramolecular Materials https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1458432 Publication ID: 57038

Leo Small, Eric Allcorn, Erik Spoerke, (2017). Molten NaI-AlCl3 Catholytes for use in a Sodium Battery https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1455335 Publication ID: 56801

Erik Spoerke, (2017). Emerging Stationary Battery Technologies https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1456431 Publication ID: 55680

Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Joshua Lamb, Paul Clem, Sai Bhavaraju, Alexis Eccleston, Andrew Read, (2017). Sodium-Based Batteries: Engineering Interfaces for Optimized Performance https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1456624 Publication ID: 55952

Leo Small, David Wheeler, Erik Spoerke, (2017). Diazonium Functionalized Nanoporous Membranes for Electrochemically Switchable Ionic Separations https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1456652 Publication ID: 55981

Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Michael Foster, Jill Wheeler, Andrew Ullman, Vitalie Stavila, M. Rodriguez, Mark Allendorf, (2017). MOF-Sensitized Solar Cells Enabled by a Pillared Porphyrin Framework Journal of Physical Chemistry C https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b11251 Publication ID: 53656

Erik Spoerke, (2017). Safety-by-Design in All-Inorganic Sodium Batteries https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1458287 Publication ID: 54965

Leo Small, Alexis Eccleston, Joshua Lamb, Andrew Read, Matthew Robins, Thomas Meaders, David Ingersoll, Paul Clem, Sai Bhavaraju, Erik Spoerke, (2017). Next generation molten NaI batteries for grid scale energy storage Journal of Power Sources https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.06.038 Publication ID: 57204

Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Jill Wheeler, Paul Clem, Joshua Lamb, David Ingersoll, Alexis Eccleston, Sai Bhavaraju, Jeongsoo Kim, (2017). Enabling Next Generation Sodium-Based Batteries with Engineered NaSICON Ion Conductors https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1418100 Publication ID: 52881

Leo Small, Michael Brumbach, Paul Clem, Erik Spoerke, (2017). Deposition of tungsten metal by an immersion process Journal of the Electrochemical Society https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0131706jes Publication ID: 55228

Joshua Nordlander, Daniel Stefan, Pin Yang, Erik Spoerke, Dara Gough, (2016). The Effects of Calcination and Milling on Powder Characteristics and Electrical Behaviour of ZnO Varistor Materials https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1414732 Publication ID: 48310

Ping Lu, W. Pan, Jon Ihlefeld, Erik Spoerke, (2016). Time-resolved atomic-scale chemical imaging for study of dynamic phase transformation in Li-rich layered cathode materials https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1405239 Publication ID: 47293

Daniella McCade, Joshua Nordlander, Dara Gough, Erik Spoerke, (2016). Two-Stage Synthesis and Processing of High-Field ZnO Varistors https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1397113 Publication ID: 52554

Leo Small, Paul Clem, Erik Spoerke, (2016). Electroless Process for Depositing Tungsten Metal for Sodium Battery Electrodes https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1395613 Publication ID: 52383

Erik Spoerke, (2016). Sodium-Based Battery Development https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1395632 Publication ID: 52409

Erik Spoerke, David Ingersoll, Paul Clem, Leo Small, Jill Wheeler, Eric Allcorn, Ganesan Nagasubramanian, Joshua Lamb, Sai Bhavaraju, Alexis Eccleston, Andrew Read, (2016). Sodium-Based Batteries: Toward Safe Reliable Cost-Effective Energy Storage https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1376778 Publication ID: 51743

Erik Spoerke, (2016). Thinking Small: Adopting Molecular Approaches to Tackle Big Problems https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1368747 Publication ID: 50395

Ping Lu, Ren Yuan, Jon Ihlefeld, Erik Spoerke, W. Pan, Jian Zuo, (2016). Fast Atomic-Scale Chemical Imaging of Crystalline Materials and Dynamic Phase Transformations Nano Letters https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00401 Publication ID: 42086

Erik Spoerke, Brad Jones, Jill Wheeler, Alina Martinez, Christina Ting, Mark Stevens, George Bachand, (2016). Molecular Biomimicry: Adapting Biological Form and Function in Synthetic Supramolecular Systems https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1365038 Publication ID: 49319

Erik Spoerke, Brad Jones, Alina Martinez, Jill Wheeler, David Wheeler, Christina Ting, Mark Stevens, George Bachand, (2016). Microtubule-Inspired Self-Assembly of Multifunctional Peptides https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1507253 Publication ID: 49320

Erik Spoerke, Jill Wheeler, Leo Small, Jon Ihlefeld, Paul Clem, David Ingersoll, (2016). Tailoring Materials Chemistry for Improved Solid State Sodium Ion Conductors https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1364874 Publication ID: 49088

Adrienne Greene, Brad Jones, George Bachand, David Wheeler, Erik Spoerke, (2016). Creating robust and reversible cell-gel networks using boronic acid chemistry https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2015.11.1788 Publication ID: 48723

Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, David Wheeler, Alina Martinez, Virginia VanDelinder, George Bachand, Susan Rempe, (2016). “Eel-ectrifying” Membranes: Toward the development of biomimetic ion-based energy storage https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1340561 Publication ID: 46748

Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Jill Wheeler, Alina Martinez, Virginia VanDelinder, George Bachand, Susan Rempe, (2015). Electric Eels: Bizarre Natural Phenomena or Inspiration for Novel Nanocomposite Energy Storage https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1331858 Publication ID: 46495

Erik Spoerke, Brad Jones, Jill Wheeler, Alina Martinez, Christina Ting, Mark Stevens, (2015). Supramolecular Peptide Composite Assemblies: Mimicking Biological Form and Function in Synthetic Systems https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1331859 Publication ID: 46496

Brad Jones, David Wheeler, Jill Wheeler, Lance Miller, Todd Alam, Erik Spoerke, (2015). Isomer-sensitive deboronation in reductive aminations of aryl boronic acids Tetrahedron Letters https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.09.006 Publication ID: 45396

Erik Spoerke, (2015). Ion Selective Ceramics for Waste Separations. Input for Annual Accomplishments Report https://doi.org/10.2172/1226518 Publication ID: 46114

David Ingersoll, Ganesan Nagasubramanian, Kyle Fenton, Erik Spoerke, Sai bahavariju, (2015). Sodium-Based Battery Development https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1326204 Publication ID: 45590

Brad Jones, Alina Martinez, Jill Wheeler, Bonnie McKenzie, Lance Miller, David Wheeler, Erik Spoerke, (2015). A multi-stimuli responive, self-assembling, boronic acid dipeptide ChemComm https://doi.org/10.1039/C5CC05207F Publication ID: 42530

George Bachand, Erik Spoerke, Darryl Sasaki, Mark Stevens, (2015). Active Assembly of Dynamic and Adaptable Materials: Active Protein Assemblies https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1291959 Publication ID: 44961

Erik Spoerke, George Bachand, Mark Stevens, Darryl Sasaki, (2015). Active Assembly of Dynamic and Adaptable Materials: Artificial Microtubules https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1531075 Publication ID: 45251

Eric Romero, Erik Spoerke, (2015). AC-STEM studies of phase transformation/evolution of Li-rich layered cathode materials induced by battery charge-discharge cycling and by electron-beam irradiation https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1340148 Publication ID: 44516

George Bachand, Erik Spoerke, Mark Stevens, (2015). Microtubule-based nanomaterials: Exploiting nature’s dynamic biopolymers Biotechnology and Bioengineering https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.25569 Publication ID: 42362

Brad Jones, Alina Martinez, Jill Wheeler, Erik Spoerke, (2015). Surfactant-induced assembly of enzymatically-stable peptide hydrogels Soft Matter https://doi.org/10.1039/c5sm00522a Publication ID: 41967

Erik Spoerke, Mark Allendorf, Michael Foster, Ryan Zarkesh, Vitalie Stavila, Kirsty Leong, Leo Small, Jill Wheeler, Steven George, Diane Lancaster, (2015). MOF@ALD: A New Integrated Materials Platform to Improve Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1258209 Publication ID: 43566

Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Jill Wheeler, Timothy Lambert, Michael Foster, Vitalie Stavila, Kirsty Leong, Mark Allendorf, (2015). Light-Harvesting Metal-Organic Frameworks: Long-Range Ordered Structures for Next Generation Dye Sensitized Solar Cells https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1246883 Publication ID: 42865

Brad Jones, Alina Martinez, Jill Wheeler, Bonnie McKenzie, David Wheeler, Erik Spoerke, (2015). Responsive Self-Assembly of Boronic Acid-Functionalized Peptides https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1247103 Publication ID: 42883

Todd Alam, Jill Wheeler, Erik Spoerke, Randall Cygan, Nelson Bell, David Ingersoll, (2015). Mapping Sodium Jump Dynamic Distributions in NASICON Materials Using High Temperature 23Na NMR Spectroscopy Relaxation Measurements https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1248649 Publication ID: 42910

Virginia VanDelinder, David Wheeler, Leo Small, Michael Brumbach, Erik Spoerke, Ian Henderson, George Bachand, (2015). Simple, Benign, Aqueous-Based Amination of Polycarbonate Surfaces ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces https://doi.org/10.1021/am508797h Publication ID: 38570

Brad Jones, Alina Martinez, Jill Wheeler, David Wheeler, Erik Spoerke, (2015). Synthesis and Responsive Self-Assembly of Boronic Acid-Functionalized Peptides https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1504601 Publication ID: 42698

Ping Lu, Pengfei Yan, Eric Romero, Erik Spoerke, Ji Zhang, Chong Wang, (2015). Observation of electron-beam-induced phase evolution mimicking the effect of the charge-discharge cycle in Li-rich layered cathode materials used for Li ion batteries Chemistry of Materials https://doi.org/10.1021/cm5045573 Publication ID: 39804

Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Steven Wolf, Jill Wheeler, Michael Foster, Vitalie Stavila, Kirsty Leong, Mark Allendorf, (2015). Solar MOFs: Supramolecular Materials to Enable Next Generation Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1244895 Publication ID: 41258

Harlan Brown-Shaklee, Mia Blea-Kirby, James Griego, M. Rodriguez, Jon Ihlefeld, Erik Spoerke, (2015). High-density Li5La3Ta2O12 (LLTO) ceramics for ion-selective https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1244927 Publication ID: 41316

Erik Spoerke, Jill Wheeler, Harlan Brown-Shaklee, Jon Ihlefeld, Mia Blea-Kirby, Leo Small, Linda Johnson, Karen Waldrip, (2015). Ceramic Ion Filters for Mixed Waste Separations https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1504117 Publication ID: 41348

Todd Alam, Nelson Bell, Jill Wheeler, Erik Spoerke, Randall Cygan, David Ingersoll, (2015). Exploring the role of phosphate structural distortions on the sodium jump dynamics in NASICON phases Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1557/opl.2015.522 Publication ID: 42911

Jon Ihlefeld, Paul Kotula, Ping Lu, Bonnie McKenzie, Amy Allen, Michael Rye, Dara Gough, Erik Spoerke, Mia Blea-Kirby, Harlan Brown-Shaklee, Brian Gauntt, Christopher Shelton, Geoff Brennecka, Kelsey Meyer, (2014). Solution Chemistry Substrate and Processing Effects on the Chemical Heterogeneity in PZT Films https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1367592 Publication ID: 39470

Alina Martinez, Brad Jones, Erik Spoerke, Jill Wheeler, (2014). Implementation of FTIR spectroscopy to characterize self-assembly in unique peptide sequences https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1563128 Publication ID: 38896

Brad Jones, Alina Martinez, Jill Wheeler, Bonnie McKenzie, David Wheeler, Erik Spoerke, (2014). Self Assembly of Boronic Acid-Functionalized Peptides https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1241763 Publication ID: 38897

David Ingersoll, Erik Spoerke, Stefan Domino, John Hewson, Paul Clem, Prof. Kee, Prof. Porter, Prof. Wachsman, S. Bhavaraju, H. Zhu, A. Jolley, M. Robins, (2014). Sodium-Based Battery Development https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1502922 Publication ID: 38658

Erik Spoerke, Jill Wheeler, Jon Ihlefeld, Mia Blea-Kirby, Harlan Brown-Shaklee, M. Rodriguez, (2014). Ion Selective Ceramics for Waste Separations: Performance and Design of Ion Selective Ceramic Membrane for Molten Salt Recycle https://doi.org/10.2172/1163124 Publication ID: 38407

Virginia VanDelinder, David Wheeler, Leo Small, Erik Spoerke, Ian Henderson, George Bachand, (2014). Simple aqueous-based amination of polycarbonate surfaces https://doi.org/10.1021/am508797h Publication ID: 38519

Mark Allendorf, Jason Azoulay, Alexandra Ford, Michael Foster, Farid El Gabaly Marquez, Francois Leonard, Kirsty Leong, Vitalie Stavila, Albert Talin, Brian Wong, Michael Brumbach, D. Van Gough, Timothy Lambert, M. Rodriguez, Erik Spoerke, David Wheeler, Joseph Deaton, Andrea Centrone, Paul Haney, R. Kinney, Veronika Szalai, Heayoung Yoon, (2014). Crystalline Nanoporous Frameworks: a Nanolaboratory for Probing Excitonic Device Concepts https://doi.org/10.2172/1159322 Publication ID: 38811

Erik Spoerke, Nelson Bell, Cynthia Edney, Jill Wheeler, Randall Cygan, Todd Alam, Jon Ihlefeld, Paul Clem, David Ingersoll, (2014). A Multi-Scale Approach to Sodium-Based Battery Development https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1502618 Publication ID: 38324

Christina Ting, Amalie Frischknecht, Mark Stevens, Erik Spoerke, (2014). Electrostatically tuned self-assembly of branched amphiphilic peptides Journal of Physical Chemistry B https://doi.org/10.1021/jp503414p Publication ID: 40370

Mark Rodriguez, Harlan Brown-Shaklee, Mia Blea-Kirby, Jon Ihlefeld, Erik Spoerke, (2014). X-ray powder diffraction study of La2LiTaO6 Powder Diffraction https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1145733 Publication ID: 40805

Erik Spoerke, Steven Wolf, Jill Wheeler, Dara Gough, Timothy Lambert, Michael Foster, Kirsty Leong, Vitalie Stavila, Mark Allendorf, (2014). Nanoporous Metal-Organic Frameworks: Functional Supramolecular Materials for Next Generation Dye Sensitized Solar Cells https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1142805 Publication ID: 40513

Erik Spoerke, (2014). Ion-Selective Nanoporous Polymer Membranes with Controllable Geometries and Switchable Surface Charges https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1143040 Publication ID: 40514

Erik Spoerke, Jon Ihlefeld, Harlan Brown-Shaklee, Mark Rodriguez, Jill Wheeler, Mia Blea-Kirby, (2014). Ion-Selective Ceramics for Mixed Waste Separations https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1706545 Publication ID: 40571

Erik Spoerke, Leo Small, Steven Wolf, (2014). Electrochromics: Eye-Catching Materials to Introduce Students to Research Journal of Chemical Education https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1141204 Publication ID: 39179

Amalie Frischknecht, Mark Stevens, Erik Spoerke, (2014). Electrostatically tuned self-assembly of branched amphiphilic peptides https://doi.org/10.1021/jp503414p Publication ID: 37180

Leo Small, Erik Spoerke, Steven Wolf, Virginia VanDelinder, George Bachand, (2014). Electrochromism vs. the Bugs:DevelopingWO3 Thin Film Windows toControl Photoactive Biological Systems https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1140534 Publication ID: 36899

Erik Spoerke, Nelson Bell, Cynthia Edney, Jill Wheeler, Leo Small, David Ingersoll, (2014). “Phased and Confused”: Exploring the Evolution of Phase Chemistry in Sol-gel NaSICON Synthesis https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1140499 Publication ID: 36910

Erik Spoerke, Dara Gough, Jill Wheeler, Timothy Lambert, Vitalie Stavila, Mark Allendorf, (2014). Molecular “Popoids” Assembling Functional Supramolecular Nanocrystal Films on Chemically-Modified Surfaces https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1140418 Publication ID: 36913

Leo Small, Erik Spoerke, Steven Wolf, George Bachand, Virginia VanDelinder, (2013). Electrochemical Design of Solid-Liquid Interfaces https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1675275 Publication ID: 31856

Erik Spoerke, Nelson Bell, Cynthia Edney, Jill Wheeler, (2013). Phase Chemistry in NaSICON Ceramics https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1095814 Publication ID: 36106

Jon Ihlefeld, Amy Allen, Paul Kotula, Geoff Brennecka, Dara Gough, Erik Spoerke, Harlan Brown-Shaklee, Ping Lu, Mia Blea-Kirby, Bonnie McKenzie, (2013). Solution Chemistry Substrate and Processing Effects on the Chemical Heterogeneity in PZT Films https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1314330 Publication ID: 36433

Erik Spoerke, Jill Wheeler, Dara Gough, Michael Foster, Kirsty Leong, Mark Allendorf, Vitalie Stavila, Timothy Lambert, Steven Wolf, (2013). Optoelectronic “Tinker Toys”:Supramolecular Nanocomposite Frameworks for Next Generation Photovoltaics https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1117126 Publication ID: 36472

Randall Cygan, Erik Spoerke, (2013). Sodium-based battery development https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1114641 Publication ID: 36222

Erik Spoerke, Cynthia Edney, Nelson Bell, David Ingersoll, (2013). Hunting an Electrochemical Sasquatch: The Search for Phase Pure NaSICON Ceramic Electrolytes https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1117147 Publication ID: 36487

Erik Spoerke, Nelson Bell, Cynthia Edney, Jill Wheeler, David Ingersoll, (2013). The Influences of Excess Sodium on NaSICON Materials Chemistry https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1114393 Publication ID: 36240

Paul Kotula, Ping Lu, Bonnie McKenzie, Amy Allen, Michael Rye, Geoff Brennecka, Dara Gough, Erik Spoerke, Harlan Brown-Shaklee, Kelsey Meyer, (2013). Solution Chemistry Substrate and Processing Effects on the Chemical Heterogeneity in PZT Films https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1115478 Publication ID: 36346

Jon Ihlefeld, Paul Kotula, Dara Gough, Geoff Brennecka, Bonnie McKenzie, Amy Allen, Mia Blea-Kirby, Harlan Brown-Shaklee, Erik Spoerke, (2013). Substrate and Solution Chemistry Effects on Chemical Homogeneity in PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 Thin Films on Platinized Silicon Substrates https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1108826 Publication ID: 35476

Leo Small, Erik Spoerke, (2013). Conical Nanopores Fabricated via a Pressured-Biased Chemical Etch Small https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1109065 Publication ID: 35525

Dara Gough, Timothy Lambert, Mark Rodriguez, Erik Spoerke, Mark Allendorf, (2013). Controlled Nucleation and Growth of Pillared Paddlewheel Framework Nanostacks onto Chemically Modified Surfaces ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1109040 Publication ID: 35533

Nelson Bell, Cynthia Edney, David Ingersoll, Erik Spoerke, (2013). The Influences of Excess Sodium on Low Temperature NaSICON Synthesis Journal of Materials Chemistry https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1109016 Publication ID: 35534

Erik Spoerke, George Bachand, Dara Gough, Mark Stevens, Christina Ting, James McElhanon, Jill Wheeler, (2013). Active assembly of dynamic and adaptable materials : https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1295501 Publication ID: 35140

Mark Allendorf, Erik Spoerke, Michael Foster, Dara Gough, (2013). Energy Transfer Cascades Using Donor-Acceptors Pairs Confined in a Metal-Organic Framework Journal of Physical Chemistry A https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1108217 Publication ID: 35397

Cynthia Edney, Erik Spoerke, (2013). Phase Development and Densification of NaSICON Ceramics https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1106804 Publication ID: 34934

Jon Ihlefeld, Kelsey Meyer, Harlan Brown-Shaklee, Paul Kotula, Ping Lu, Bonnie McKenzie, Amy Allen, Michael Rye, Geoff Brennecka, Dara Gough, Erik Spoerke, (2013). Solution chemistry, substrate, and processing effects on the chemical heterogeneity in PZT films https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1314329 Publication ID: 34546

George Bachand, Erik Spoerke, Mark Stevens, Darryl Sasaki, (2013). Active Assembly of Dynamic and Adaptable Materials https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1078993 Publication ID: 33290

Erik Spoerke, Jill Wheeler, Dara Gough, Mark Rodriguez, Bonnie McKenzie, (2013). Rusty orzo with lemon on the side : https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1314277 Publication ID: 32884

Erik Spoerke, (2013). Ion-Selective Ceramics for Mixed Waste Separations https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1658552 Publication ID: 32885

Erik Spoerke, Dara Gough, Jill Wheeler, Shengfeng Cheng, Mark Stevens, (2013). Supramolecular Assembly of Asymmetric Self-neutralizing Amphiphilic Peptide Wedges Soft Matter https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1078904 Publication ID: 33210

Erik Spoerke, Michael Foster, Jill Wheeler, Timothy Lambert, Kirsty Leong, Scott Meek, Bryan Wong, Vitalie Stavila, Mark Allendorf, (2013). Nanoporous metalorganic frameworks : https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1299032 Publication ID: 32769

Erik Spoerke, Bonnie McKenzie, Jill Wheeler, George Bachand, (2013). Bio-Inspired Growth of Cadmium Sulfide Nanotubes on Microtubule Templates https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1083831 Publication ID: 32770

Jill Wheeler, Erik Spoerke, Shengfeng Cheng, Mark Stevens, (2013). Engineered Peptides for Controlled Nanofiber Assembly https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1095566 Publication ID: 32640

Kirsty Leong, Michael Foster, Bryan Wong, Erik Spoerke, Dara Gough, Scott Meek, Timothy Lambert, Mark Allendorf, (2013). Nanoscale Phase Segregation of a Molecular System using Metal-Organic Framework for Energy Transfer https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1072490 Publication ID: 32742

Kirsty Leong, Michael Foster, Bryan Wong, Erik Spoerke, Dara Gough, Joseph Deaton, Mark Allendorf, (2013). Nano-ordering of donor-acceptor interactions using Metal-Organic Frameworks as scaffolds ECS Transactions https://doi.org/10.1149/05811.0021ecst Publication ID: 35398

Jon Ihlefeld, Paul Kotula, Ping Lu, Bonnie McKenzie, Michael Rye, Geoff Brennecka, Dara Gough, Erik Spoerke, (2013). The Roles of Solution Chemistry Substrate and Pyrolysis Temperature on the Chemical Heterogeneity in PZT Films https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1072479 Publication ID: 31360

Michael Foster, Bryan Wong, Mark Allendorf, Kirsty Leong, Scott Meek, Timothy Lambert, Erik Spoerke, (2012). First-Principles Investigation of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Photovoltaics https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1649763 Publication ID: 26504

Jose Cruz-Campa, Erik Spoerke, Calvin Chan, Ping Lu, Michael Rye, Alejandro Pimentel, Maria Salazar, Joseph Michael, Gregory Nielson, Xiaowang Zhou, Donald Ward, Carlos Sanchez, Brandon Aguirre, (2012). Record breaking solar cells : ZnxCd(1-x)Te graded bandgap nanoarrays https://doi.org/10.2172/1057256 Publication ID: 31052

Erik Spoerke, Jill Wheeler, Dara Gough, George Bachand, (2012). Materials Xenoscience: Exploring Emergent Materials at Non-Traditional Interfaces Between Materials Science and Biology https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1649896 Publication ID: 31122

Jose Cruz-Campa, Gregory Nielson, Xiaowang Zhou, Donald Ward, Carlos Sanchez, Brandon Aguirre, Ping Lu, Michael Rye, Erik Spoerke, Calvin Chan, (2012). Towards Dislocation-Free ZnCdTe Solar Cells Through Nanoscale Crystal Growth And Compositional Grading https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1116456 Publication ID: 30374

Showing Results. Show More Publications

Patents & Trademarks

E.D. Spoerke, M.M. Gross, S.J. Percival, L.J. Small Sodium Electrochemical Interfaces with NaSICON-Type Ceramics U.S. Patent Appl. No.: 17/104,306, Nov. 25, 2020.

L.J. Small, S.J. Percival, and E.D. Spoerke Nanostructured Polyelectrolytes for Ion-Selective Membranes U.S. Patent No.: 10,766,005, Sept. 8, 2020.

E.D. Spoerke, S.J. Percival, and L.J. Small Molten Inorganic Electrolytes for Low Temperature Sodium Batteries U.S. Patent Appl. No.: 16/564,751, September 9, 2019.

E.D. Spoerke, P.G. Clem, J.S. Wheeler, L.J. Small, J. Ihlefeld Cation-Enhanced Chemical Stability of Ion-Conducting Zirconium-Based Ceramics U.S. Patent No.: 9,988,312 B2, June 5, 2018.

E.D. Spoerke, M.E. Gordon, E.J. Schindelholz, K.M. Armijo, N.R. Sorensen, A. Martino, J.C. Grunlan Nanocomposite Barrier Films for Photovoltaic Applications U.S. Patent No.: 10,002,983 B1, June 19, 2018.

E.D. Spoerke, J. Ihlefeld, K. Waldrip, J.S. Wheeler, H.J. Brown-Shaklee, L.J. Small, D.R. Wheeler Electrochemical Ion Separation in Molten Salts U.S. Patent No.: 9,847,149 B2, Dec. 19, 2017.